Ukraine

Between 1941 and 1943, Ukraine was completely occupied by Nazi Germany; the last western parts were not reconquered by the Red Army until 1944. Ukrainian SSR became a member of the UN on October 26, 1945 and is thus one of the original members, even though in reality it only meant that the Soviet Union got an extra seat. In 1986, a major reactor accident occurred at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (see the Chernobyl accident).

After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine became an independent state. Ukraine declared itself an independent and sovereign state on 24 August 1991, as confirmed by more than 90% of the country's population in a referendum on 1 December 1991. One week later, the Soviet Union dissolved.

The history of Ukraine between 1992 and 2004 was marked by Leonid Kravchuk and Leonid Kuchma.

In the presidential election in the winter of 2004/2005, the pro-Western Viktor Yushchenko defeated the pro-Russian Viktor Yanukovych after a popular uprising in western and northern Ukraine called the Orange Revolution after Yanukovych was accused of electoral fraud. .)

However, after Yanukovych's strong support in the parliamentary elections on March 26, 2006, he was appointed Prime Minister on August 3 of that year. Following the development of a constitutional crisis in March-April 2007, in which President Yushchenko ordered the dissolution of Parliament, a decision which, however, was voted down, Yushchenko and Yanukovych agreed to hold new parliamentary elections on 30 September 2007. Since December 18, 2007, Yulia Tymoshenko has been the Prime Minister.

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